![]() ![]() Kevin Trimmer/Getty ImagesĮven if you have a well-functioning septic system, a good drain field and a healthy microbial ecosystem breaking down the septage, the sludge and scum layers in your tank will build up over time. It's helpful, but you should still have your tank inspected and pumped regularly. To help prevent clogging and buildup, some companies produce toilet paper that dissolves in water. Combined, these components are called septage.Ī plumber lifts the cover of a septic tank. In the middle is the comparatively clear liquid layer called effluent or gray water. At the top of the tank, fats, oils and proteins form the floating scum layer. The heaviest particulate matter in the waste, called sludge, sinks to the bottom. When it hits the septic tank, however, it begins to separate. When the waste water from your toilet, shower, sinks and washing machine leave your house, it's combined. All drains in the home converge to a single pipe that leads to the septic tank buried outside. By design, these systems are fairly simple. More than 60 million Americans have a septic system treating the waste in their homes, and about one-third of all new development uses them. We're going to your backyard, to the greenest patch of grass, to dive headlong into your septic system. Thanks to the simple push of a lever, waste remains out of sight and out of mind. Unless the toilet's overflowing or the bath spigot is filling the tub with blood, plumbers and exorcists aren't usually on our minds. In modern homes, drains have a way of remaining innocuous. A septic pump truck cleans the scum, sludge and effluent from a septic tank.
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